| A red antler with five tines’ on silver (white). In 1664 and 65 the crest had a “millers wheel” in its center. In the middle ages of a higher status in the town were the arms of patricians, so for example in Constance, Bergamo, Brescia, Venice. Also the bearers of such arms did not depend for their status. On the possessions of a fief (and so were not feudal Nobility) but on their membership in the city Senates. On the recording of their arms in the Civic Golden Book, yet the Nobles accepted them as equal in rank and arms of Citizenry, appear to have been assumed by families who had achieved some status in their city, and who had begun to occupy Noble offices. At this stage they often married into established Patrician houses and gradually grew to be accepted until,after several generations they were elevated to Patrician rank. |
